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Compressore e turbina De Havilland Ghost
Anni '40 - fine anni '50



82

Description

The de Havilland Ghost turbojet was one of the first turbojet engine developed in United Kingdom starting from the last years of World War II. Its designer, Frank Halford, developed the prototype H-2 from the smaller turbojet H-1, in order to achieve the performance required for the de Havilland Comet, the first commercial airliner with turbojet engines. During the development phase, the de Havilland acquired the Halford's company and renamed the prototypes H-1 and H-2 as Ghost and Goblin respectively. Both engines were characterized by a quite simple arrangement: a single-stage centrifugal compressor, 10 combustion chambers and a single-stage axial turbine. The first tests on the Ghost engine began in 1944 and as a result it was ready in 1945, even before the aircraft de Havilland Comet. Meanwhile, it was used to equip the Swedish fighter Saab J29 Tunnan, who made his first flight in 1948. In 1949, the Ghost was finally used on the Comet (with 4 engines) and the de Havilland Venom fighter-bomber. In the following years various versions were developed for higher performance until the end of production in the late 1950s. The Ghost was produced under license by Svenska Flygmotor (later Volvo Aero) for the fighter the Saab J29 Tunnan and by FIAT in the "48-1" version for a brief period.


Technical specifications

ManufacturerDe Havilland Engine Co., Watford, United Kingdom, from 1945 to late 1950s; FIAT Aviation under license, in the early 1950s
TypeGhost
Chief designerFrank Halford
Descriptionturbojet engine
Compressorcentrifugal single-stage, aluminum alloy forged impeller with 19 blades
Compression ratio4.5
Airflow40 kg/s at 10250 rpm at sea level in static conditions
Combustor8 tubular direct-flow chambers, steel-sheet made
Turbineaxial single-stage, steel alloy impeller with 97 blades made of Nimonic 90 alloy inserted by sawtooth connection, both sides of the impeller are cooled by air bled from the compressor; inlet turbine gas temperature 800 °C, outlet temperature 650-700 °C at 10 250 rpm
Fuel feeding systemdouble fuel system with two reciprocating variable-stroke pumps connected in parallel, equipped with barometric control of the air-fuel mixture and 10 Lucas Duplex CSH-39 fuel injectors
Fueljet fuel
Lubrication systemforced by feeding and scavenge pumps
Maximum static thrust22000 N at 10250 rpm at sea level
Maximum continuous thrust18330 N at 9750 rpm at sea level
Thrust in cruise cond.14600 N at 9000 rpm at sea level and in static conditions
Fuel specific consumption1.07 kg/daN/h
Diameter1346 mm
Length3314 mm
Weight996 kg
Mass-to-thrust ratio0.45 kg/daN


Application

De Havilland DH.106 Comet (airliner and transport)

De Havilland DH.112 Venom (fighter-bomber)

De Havilland FAW.20 Sea Venom (embarked fighter-bomber)

Saab J29 Tunnan (fighter)

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Testi e immagini di Giuseppe Genchi
Sito realizzato da Pasquale Pillitteri